14-3-3 GRF Antibodies

Target Information

14-3-3 GRFs are a conserved family of acidic, dimeric adaptor proteins in plants that bind phosphorylated client proteins to modulate their activity, stability, localization, and complex assembly. Acting as central hubs in signal transduction, GRFs integrate cues from light, hormones (e.g., ABA, GA, auxin), carbon/nitrogen status, and stress pathways to coordinate metabolism and development. Key roles include regulation of primary carbon flux (e.g., activation/inhibition of enzymes such as nitrate reductase, SPS, H+-ATPases), control of ion transport and stomatal function, modulation of transcription factors and kinases, and participation in circadian and photomorphogenic responses. Plant genomes encode multiple GRF isoforms with overlapping yet distinct expression and client specificities, enabling tissue- and stimulus-specific regulation. 14-3-3 binding typically recognizes phosphoserine/phosphothreonine motifs, is reversible, and can be tuned by competing ligands, redox state, and cellular compartmentation. Altered GRF abundance or interaction networks affect growth, stress resilience, nutrient use efficiency, and yield-related traits.

Synonyms

14-3-3; 14-3-3 protein; 14-3-3lambda; 14-3-3-like protein; AFT1; AT5G10450; F12B17.200; F12B17_200; G-box regulating factor; General regulatory factor; GF14; GF14 lambda; GF14-like; GRF